trout

by IET http://www.iet-community.org/research/flowtechnique.html

Introduction
This report is an attempt to understand and learn from the ideas and inventions of the Austrian forester Viktor Schauberger. Viktor Schauberger already in the 1920s warned about environmental crisis, at a time at which it was not, as today, something recognized. During his lifetime, he encountered resistance and ridicule, and his perspective may still today be labelled as unconventional and unorthodox, although much of what he wrote about our handling of waters and forests today is more relevant than ever. As he wasn't an academic, but was more of a natural philosopher, he had trouble to communicate his ideas with contemporary scientists. In this report, we'll try to show how modern research in chaos and self-organizing systems give us a possibility to shed some new light on Vikor Schauberger, and perhaps establish a deeper understanding of the phenomena he described.

based on http://www.schauberger-books.org.uk/mainframe.shtml

1885 Viktor Schauberger born in Holzschlag, Upper Austria, into a family with a long tradition of caring for the unspoilt Alpine forests.

1914-18 Soon after the birth of his son Walter, Viktor was enlisted in the Kaiser's army.

1919 Appointed forest warden and gamekeeper.

 James C. Liao,  David N. Beal,  George V. Lauder,  Michael S. Triantafyllou

Fishes moving through turbulent flows or in formation are regularly exposed to vortices. Although animals living in fluid environments commonly capture energy from vortices, experimental data on the hydrodynamics and neural control of interactions between fish and vortices are lacking. We used quantitative flow visualization and electromyography to show that trout will adopt a novel mode of locomotion to slalom in between experimentally generated vortices by activating only their anterior axial muscles. Reduced muscle activity during vortex exploitation compared with the activity of fishes engaged in undulatory swimming suggests a decrease in the cost of locomotion and provides a mechanism to understand the patterns of fish distributions in schools and riverine environments.....