______________________________________________________________________________ | File Name : MAGFORCE.ASC | Online Date : 06/21/95 | | Contributed by : John Peters | Dir Category : ENERGY | | From : KeelyNet BBS | DataLine : (214) 324-3501 | | A FREE Alternative Sciences BBS sponsored by Vanguard Sciences | | KeelyNet * PO BOX 870716 * Mesquite, Texas * USA * 75187 | | Voice/FAX : (214) 324-8741 InterNet - keelynet@ix.netcom.com | | WWW Mirror - http://www.eskimo.com/~billb | |----------------------------------------------------------------------------| The following file correlates with claims that Tesla designed and tested a levitating sphere. One hemisphere became hot, the other cold while levitating. Keely also levitated an iron sphere using acoustic energy to induce this 'non-rotating angular momentum', so you can see how important this file is...........................thank you John for sharing it with KeelyNet! ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ This file was a message on the FIDONET UFO Conference; material is certainly of interest to users of this conference -- John W. Peters. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ * Forwarded from "INFO.PARANET" * Originally by Larry Adams * Originally to All * Originally dated 14 Jun 1995, 14:02 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ From: ladams@sensemedia.net (Larry Adams) Date: 14 Jun 95 07:10:14 GMT Organization: The SenseMedia Network, http://sensemedia.net/, in o@sensemedia.net Message-ID: <3rm20m$8hm@Sequoia.picosof.com> Newsgroups: alt.paranet.ufo The electric Biefeld-Brown effect has a magnetic counterpart. by Larry Adams REVISED 13 JUN 1995 The following explains how magnetic resonance might propel an iron sphere in the vertical z direction. No interaction with the earth's magnetic field is involved; a force is developed internally that opposes the force of gravity. Magnetic resonance in its various forms, NMR, EPR, and EFR, are all applied to relatively small specimens and, with the exception of EFR, are rarely applied to magnetic materials. EFR means Electron Ferromagnetic Resonance, and the best intro to this subject is by Vonsovskii. Curiously, there is no published data on EFR for large ferromagnetic specimens. A literature search at a campus of the University of California revealed nothing. F. Herlach has said that there is an 'open' literature and a 'closed' literature concerning magnetic research. The basic assumption made here is that the principles are the same for specimens small and large, but that there may be nonlinearities associated with larger ferromagnetic bodies. Magnetic resonance is similar, yet different, from mechanical gyroscopy. There is a precession of the vectors of angular momentum and magnetic moment. The negative change in the potential energy between the moment and the field divided by the coordinate change along the direction of the field equals a unidirectional force along the direction of the field. The moment U precesses at an angle about the vertical. Changes in this angle are due to pulsations of B. This force does not exist in ordinary magnetism, because the precession initially developed by the application of B quickly damps out. Microwave radiation at the precession frequency must be administered at right angles to the field direction of B to sustain the precession. The center of the magnetic moment corresponds to the center of mass. Note that changes in P.E. are more significant than P.E. alone. The following is a non-calculus derivation of the force. The change in a quantity is preceeded with a "d" meaning delta. We have a solid iron sphere resting on the earth, with a magnetizing coil wrapped around it. (A cylinder would work but it produces demagnetizing fields that must be reckoned with in the calculation of the resonance frequency). The xz coordinate system originates at the center of mass. The magnetizing field, B, parallels the vertical diameter, in the +z direction. The resonance frequency is applied perpendicular to B, along the x direction. Before powering the magnetizing coil, the magnetic moment U of the sphere is not aligned with the vertical diameter. When the coil is energized, U begins a damped precession about the vertical. If the alternating field along the x-direction is not applied, the precession of U will damp out completely. The alternating field at the precession (resonance) frequency maintains a uniform precession of U. Actually, the angle U makes with the vertical, varies with the pulsing of B. B varies in and out of resonance. The precession vector Wp has the same direction as B; it lies along the vertical diameter, in the +z direction. The expression for magnetic potential energy is: E(B,U) = -BU cos Theta where Theta is the angle between B and U. The above is true statically and dynamically. U has some initial angle from the vertical. Resonance reduces this angle to some final angle. Let P be the initial angle and Q be the final angle. The change in P.E. using P and Q is: dE = (-BU cosP) - (-BU cosQ) = BU(cosQ - cosP) z = rcos Theta where r lies along U and is equal to the radius of the sphere. z < = rcos(zero). dz = rcosP - rcosQ = r(cosP - cosQ) Fz = -dE/dz = (-1) BU(cosQ - cosP)/r(cosP - cosQ) = BU(cosP - cosQ)/r(cosP - cosQ) = BU/r Fz is the force along +z, in the same direction as B. In ordinary magnetism, the force is perpendicular to B. At first glance, BU/r appears to be a static quantity. No; it was the result of assuming at least some minimal change in the angle that U makes with the vertical. B varies slightly in and out of resonance, just enough to vary the angle, and the change in the cosines cancel out, leaving BU/r. The magnitude of the precession (in angular units) is: Wp = yB where y = |e/m| in mks units For a field of 1 Tesla, Wp/2pi = 28Ghz A modern EFR spectrometer uses a superconducting magnet and can easily reach this field strength. Superconducting magnets can magnetize ferromagnetic material when the material is used as shimming to fine-tune the field. U = MV where M is the room temp. magnetz. of iron, 1.7x10 [37;44;1m A/m [40;1mand V is the volume of the sphere. [ the preceding sentence is just as it was presented in the file, though I think it is incorrect and should read thus; where M is the room temperature, magnetization of iron is 1.7x10 A/m (is this Amperes/meter?) and V is the volume of the sphere. ] The expression BU/r has a counterpart in the lower hemisphere of the sphere. It is necessary to understand that U is related to the angular momentum of the sphere, J. U and J are anti-parallel as vectors. U precesses about +z and J, about -z. A process identical to that which obtained Fz above, reduces to the following for the lower hemisphere: Fz = WpJ/r The force is in the same direction as BU/r. The total force in the +z direction is either: BU/r or WpJ/r. As the angle between U and the vertical varies, the angle between J and the vertical varies, *identically*. Since BU/r = WpJ/r it is clear that without the precession of U (and J) there can be no force. The calculation of J is straight-forward: J = U/y For a sphere 1 m [36;1m in volume, a quick analyis shows that the magnitude of J is approx. 1 x 10^-5 kg-m [35;1m/s. But does angular momentum always involve rotation of a physical body? [ again, a probable transcription due to it being a word processing graphics code, here is the most likely 'translation' For a sphere 1 m in volume, a quick analyis shows that the magnitude of J is approx. 1 x 10^-5 kg-m/s. But does angular momentum always involve rotation of a physical body? ] Not according to the experimental findings of Noble and Trouton or those of R. Tomaschek. They "showed that an angular momentum DOES NOT NECESSARILY lead to a rotation of the body involved." The experiments involved freely suspended electrically charged capacitors, which were determined to possess angular momentum YET DID NOT ROTATE. Sources Albert Einstein: Philosopher-Scientist, P. Schilpp, editor, 3rd ed., 1988, pp522-523. Vonsovskii, S, Ferromagnetic Resonance, 1966. Feynman, R, Feynman Lectures on Physics, v2, 1964 Chikazumi, S, Physics of Magnetism, 1964 Soohoo, R, Microwave Magnetics, 1988 Herlach, F, Strong and Ultrastrong Magnetic Fields, 1985 Larry Adams ------------------------------------------------------------------------------